Watching little Lily mimic adult stress reactions can be both amusing and enlightening. She had her own notions about what triggers stress and how one should respond. However, for many children, the source of their stress and how to deal with it can be elusive. Their still-developing minds and bodies make them particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of overwhelming stress.
While the term “stress” is typically associated with negative feelings today, Dr. Hans Selye first defined it in 1936 as “the non-specific response of the body to any demand for change.” In this context, stress can be a normal and even constructive reaction to various stimuli. Experiencing mild stress can be beneficial for children, helping them learn how to navigate new experiences and adapt to unexpected situations. This “positive stress” is brief, causes only minor physiological changes, and can significantly aid in a child’s development when addressed appropriately.
On the flip side, excessive stress—often referred to as “toxic stress”—can severely hinder a child’s physical and neurological growth. Prolonged exposure to stressors like physical abuse, neglect, or witnessing violence in the home can lead to a range of issues, as highlighted by the CDC. Chronic stress can weaken the immune system, impair memory, and even decrease a child’s IQ. These effects stem from the deep neurological disruptions that occur when children are repeatedly thrust into uncontrollable and harmful situations.
Parents shouldn’t shy away from allowing their children to encounter some stress; rather, they should be vigilant to ensure it remains positive. More intense stressors, such as divorce or the loss of a loved one, can be managed effectively if a child has a supportive adult by their side. Research indicates that even toxic stress can be alleviated or reversed through the consistent presence and responsiveness of a caring caregiver.
Love is a formidable force, and a nurturing environment along with supportive adults can help children learn to handle stress healthily. It’s perfectly normal for your child to cry when getting a vaccination or to have a meltdown while adjusting to sleeping alone. These moments of “positive stress” are integral to their development.
Mimicking parental behaviors is also a crucial part of growing up; that’s why I chuckled at Lily’s antics and offered her a refreshing glass of apple juice during lunch.
Summary
Navigating stress is a part of childhood. While mild stress can be beneficial for learning, excessive stress can be detrimental to a child’s development. Parents should ensure that their children experience manageable stress levels and provide a supportive environment to help them cope.
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Keyphrase: Children and Stress
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