Addressing Economic and Racial Inequities in Breastfeeding

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Three months after the birth of my second child, I was set to attend a local academic conference that would keep me away from my baby for over eight hours. Although I wouldn’t need to travel far, I faced significant challenges regarding breastfeeding during this time.

The night before the conference, I meticulously packed my essentials: my laptop, work materials, and a separate bag filled with my breast pump, electric cords, tubing, a hands-free pumping bra, empty bottles, ice packs, and a mini cooler to store the milk. I resembled an overly prepared holiday shopper rather than a professional attending a meeting.

Upon arrival, I searched the hotel for the lactation room mentioned in the program but couldn’t find it. When I asked a hotel employee, he seemed puzzled and could not assist me. After some searching, I discovered that the lactation room wouldn’t be available until the next day. I ended up sitting in a boardroom with my colleagues for several hours. Finally, during a 15-minute break, I took matters into my own hands. I squeezed into the women’s restroom, found an outlet, donned my hands-free bra, and began pumping milk, all the while hoping no one would walk in on me.

As my colleagues chatted casually about the local area, I felt a mixture of embarrassment and gratitude. After twenty minutes, I secured my milk in the cooler and rushed back to the meeting, squeezing in another pumping session during my drive home. Juggling pumping sessions while driving was a unique challenge, and I was left feeling drained and longing for my baby.

I successfully nursed my baby for 14 months, but this experience was just one of many awkward moments I encountered. During my breastfeeding journey, I had a student worker accidentally walk in on me while I was pumping in my office, and I pumped in an airport restroom during a layover, nearly missing my connecting flight. Once, a flight attendant insisted I place my cooler in the overhead bin, to which I firmly replied, “I’m not putting my milk up there!”

Despite these challenges, I was acutely aware of how fortunate I was compared to many new parents in the U.S. I had a supportive partner, financial stability, and a flexible job that allowed me to dedicate time to breastfeeding.

Seventeen years ago, my first experience with breastfeeding was drastically different. At 19, without a job or stable housing, I relied on WIC and public assistance. Lacking a breast pump, I struggled to express milk and ultimately only nursed for six months. I never received any professional support or encouragement to continue breastfeeding, despite being bombarded with information about its benefits. My son was placed in the NICU after birth, and I was left to navigate those early days alone, without anyone advocating for my needs or rights as a mother.

Today, as a sociology professor specializing in family, race, and ethnicity, I understand the statistics surrounding breastfeeding disparities. Middle-income mothers over 30 are far more likely to breastfeed than younger, lower-income mothers. My experiences reflect a troubling reality: while I had the resources and support to breastfeed my second child, my first child’s experience was marked by systemic barriers, including racism and classism.

The disparities in breastfeeding highlight a broader issue regarding the treatment of mothers of color in medical settings. Until healthcare practitioners acknowledge the effects of racism on the care provided to marginalized communities, we will struggle to bridge these gaps in infant nutrition and support.

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In summary, the experiences of breastfeeding mothers can vary greatly based on economic and racial factors. While some enjoy the necessary support and resources to successfully breastfeed, many face significant barriers that impede their ability to provide this critical nourishment to their infants. Recognizing and addressing these disparities is essential for improving maternal and child health outcomes in diverse communities.

Keyphrase: Economic and Racial Disparities in Breastfeeding

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