Around 85% of menstruating women experience various symptoms in the days or weeks leading up to their periods, a condition known as Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS). For about 2-10% of women, these symptoms can escalate to a more severe form called Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). Both conditions can disrupt daily life and emotional well-being.
Symptoms of PMS
Behavioral Symptoms:
These may include fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, variations in sexual interest, and cravings or overeating.
Psychological Symptoms:
Commonly reported feelings include irritability, anger, sadness, anxiety, mood swings, lack of focus, forgetfulness, restlessness, and low self-esteem.
Physical Symptoms:
Women may also experience headaches, breast tenderness, back pain, bloating, weight gain, swelling in extremities, water retention, nausea, and general muscle or joint pain.
Symptoms of PMDD
Behavioral Symptoms:
Women with PMDD may find a reduced interest in daily activities such as work, school, and socializing, along with changes in sleep patterns and energy levels.
Psychological Symptoms:
This can include severe mood fluctuations, feelings of hopelessness, anxiety, sensitivity to rejection, persistent irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
Physical Symptoms:
Similar to PMS, PMDD can cause breast swelling, headaches, and a sensation of bloating or weight gain.
What to Do if Symptoms Interfere with Daily Life
If you notice that your symptoms significantly impact your everyday activities, it might be helpful to keep a symptom diary for 2-3 months. Afterward, consult your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment Options for PMS and PMDD
Treatment methods can vary widely, including lifestyle changes, dietary supplements, or prescription medications. Always consult your doctor to determine the best approach for your individual needs.
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In summary, PMS and PMDD are common conditions that can significantly affect women’s lives. By understanding the symptoms and seeking appropriate treatment, individuals can better manage their experiences.