Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects around 30,000 people annually in the U.S., with about 2.7 million individuals living with chronic infection.
What Are the Symptoms of Hepatitis C?
Most people do not show symptoms right after being infected. In fact, symptoms can take years to develop. Common signs of hepatitis C include:
- Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin or eyes
- Fatigue: Persistent tiredness
- Dark Urine: A sign of liver issues
- Abdominal Pain: Discomfort in the stomach area
- Nausea: Feeling sick to your stomach
- Loss of Appetite: A decrease in hunger
Can Hepatitis C Lead to Other Health Issues?
Yes, hepatitis C can result in chronic liver disease in about 70% of those infected. This chronic condition can lead to serious complications like liver failure, liver cancer, or even death. It’s also the leading cause of liver transplants in the United States.
How Is Hepatitis C Transmitted?
The virus is primarily spread through the exchange of infected blood, with intravenous drug use being the most common method of transmission. Other potential ways include:
- Sexual Contact: This includes both anal and vaginal intercourse
- IV Drug Use: Sharing needles or syringes
- Mother to Baby: Rarely, during childbirth
- Exposure to Infected Blood: Such as through sharing personal items like razors
How Is It Diagnosed?
A healthcare provider can diagnose hepatitis C through a blood test. It’s recommended that anyone who has injected illegal drugs, received blood products before 1992, or had sexual contact with someone who has used IV drugs should get tested.
What Treatment Options Exist?
There are antiviral medications available that can cure hepatitis C in about 40% of cases. However, for those who do not respond to treatment, there is currently no cure.
Can Hepatitis C Be Prevented?
Preventive measures include avoiding sexual contact or engaging in a long-term monogamous relationship, as well as refraining from using illegal IV drugs. Unfortunately, no vaccine exists for hepatitis C.
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In summary, understanding hepatitis C is crucial for prevention and treatment. Staying informed and proactive can help manage this infection effectively.